Unlike other jurisdictions in Canada, the 11 modern treaties in Yukon share a common framework: The Umbrella Final Agreement (UFA), which came into effect in 1993. Individual Yukon final agreements (which came into effect after the UFA) contain all the text of the Umbrella Final Agreement, with the addition of unique provisions relevant to each First Nation.

Because of this common structure across Yukon modern treaties, environmental protection, regulation and assessment provisions can be found in the same chapters of all Yukon agreements. These chapters include:

• Chapter 8 Surface Rights Board: Establishes a Surface Rights Board, and gives it various powers, including the power to establish rights of access to modern treaty land, and to determine and award compensation for activities resulting from access, including impacts on fish and wildlife.
• Chapter 10 Special Management Areas: Covers provisions relating to both existing and proposed national wildlife areas; national parks, reserves and historic sites; special wildlife and fish management areas; migratory bird sanctuaries; wildlife sanctuaries; heritage sites; and watershed protection areas. This chapter also requires that if an advisory body for special management areas is established, Yukon First Nation representation on that body will be 50 percent.
• Chapter 11 Land Use Planning: Establishes a common land use planning process across Yukon, with the Yukon Land Use Planning Council and regional land use planning commissions.
• Chapter 12 Development Assessment: Establishes a development process that guarantees participation by Yukon First Nations and protects their interests, via what is now the Yukon Environmental and Socioeconomic Assessment Board.
• Chapter 14 Water Management: Provides for the sustainable use of Yukon water sources via the establishment of the Yukon Water Board and defines water-related rights of Yukon First Nations.
• Chapter 16 Fish and Wildlife: Ensures conservation in the management of fish and wildlife resources; preservation and enhancement of the renewable resources economy and the culture, identity and values of Yukon First Nations; equal participation of Yukon First Nations with other Yukon residents in fish and wildlife management; and guarantees the rights of Yukon First Nations people to harvest fish and wildlife resources.
• Chapter 17 Forest Resources: Establishes that each Yukon First Nation owns, manages, allocates and protects the forest resources on its settlement land; establishes the role of renewable resources councils in coordination of forest resource management; establishes the rights of Yukon First Nations to harvest trees on Crown land; and creates a process for the creation, approval and implementation of forest management plans.